SARS-CoV-2 antibody vaccine response in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients with positive anti-nucleocapsid serology or history of COVID-19 infection
| Journal | Volume 87 - 2024 |
| Issue | Fasc.2 - Original articles |
| Author(s) | A. Hoyois 1 2, C. Gulkilik 1, L. Mekkaoui 3, H. Dahma 3, V. Wambacq 1, C. Minsart 1, N. Rosewick 4, C. Liefferinckx 1, L. Amininejad 1, A. Van Gossum 1, A. Cremer 1, O. Vandenberg 5, D. Franchimont 1 |
| Full article |
 PAGES 263-273 VIEW FREE PDF |
| DOI | 10.51821/87.2.12805 |
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Affiliations: (1) Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology, and Digestive Oncology, HUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels Belgium
(2) Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, CHU Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (3) Department of Microbiology, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles, Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (4) Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium (5) Innovation and Business Development Unit, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles-Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium |
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Background: Previous history of COVID-19 infection is a natural booster of the vaccine response in the general population. The response to COVID-19 vaccines is lessened in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients on selected class of immunosuppressive treatments. Aims: The study was to assess anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG antibody response in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients with a history of COVID-19 infection. Patients and methods: This single-center prospective study involved 504 Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients. Demographic data and clinical data were gathered through questionnaires and patient charts. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific and antinucleocapsid antibody levels were measured at T1, T2 (after the 2-dose series), and T3 or T4 (booster vaccine). Results: This study included 504 Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients, and 234 completed one year follow-up with blood tests. Positive anti-nucleocapsid serology or history of COVID-19 infection was significantly associated with increased median anti- SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG titers after the 2-dose series (1930 BAU/mL vs. 521 BAU/mL p < 0.0001) and the booster vaccine (4390 BAU/mL vs. 2160 BAU/mL, p = 0.0156). Multivariate analysis showed that higher anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG levels were independently associated with anti-nucleocapsid antibodies at T2 (OR=2.23, p < 0.0001) and T3 (OR=1.72, p = 0.00011). Immunosuppressive treatments did not impact the antibody response or levels in patients with a history of COVID-19 infection or positive anti-nucleocapsid serology. Conclusions: In Inflammatory Bowel Disease, prior COVID-19 infection or positive anti-nucleocapsid serology leads to increased anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG levels after vaccination, regardless of immunosuppressive treatments. This emphasizes the significance of accounting for previous infection in vaccination approaches. Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease, COVID-19 vaccine, antinucleocapsid antibody, anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike specific IgG antibody. |
| The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. |
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© Acta Gastro-Enterologica Belgica. PMID 39210758 |
